Молекулярно-генетические предикторы развития злокачественных новообразований при сахарном диабете 2-го типа
В обзоре обсуждаются вопросы, связанные с ассоциацией сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД 2) и злокачественных новообразований. Приведены данные многоцентровых исследований США, Китая, Канады о повышенном риске злокачественных новообразований у лиц с СД 2, выявлены возможные механизмы их совместного развития. Рассмотрены рак молочной железы, рак поджелудочной железы, колоректальный рак, холангиокарцинома, рак мочевыводящих путей как наиболее частые локализации злокачественных новообразований у лиц с СД 2. Обсуждены проблемы и перспективы разработки общих генетических маркеров в развитии данных нозологий. Проблема взаимоотягощения СД 2 и злокачественных новообразований изучается давно, показана высокая корреляция между этими двумя на первый взгляд не связанными патологиями. Гиперинсулинемия, хроническое воспаление и гипергликемия, часто наблюдаемые у лиц с СД 2, могут привести к увеличению роста опухоли.
Ключевые слова: сахарный диабет 2-го типа, злокачественные новообразования, генетические предикторы, рак молочной железы, рак поджелудочной железы, колоректальный рак, холангиокарцинома, рак мочевыводящих путей.
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