Роль андрогенов в развитии ожирения и сахарного диабета 2-го типа
Цель. Обобщить современные данные о роли уровней андрогенов в развитии ожирения, сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД 2) и кардиометаболического синдрома и выделить актуальные направления разработки эффективных терапевтических методов.
Материалы и методы. Обзор фундаментальных, клинических и экспериментальных данных проводился в базах данных научной литературы (PubMed) преимущественно с 2015 по 2020 г., посвященных роли гипогонадизма в развитии ожирения и СД 2 и терапевтическим возможностям назначения тестостеронзаместительной терапии.
Результаты. Существуют важные механизмы, влияющие на уровни андрогенов и риск развития кардиометаболического синдрома, в частности ожирения и СД 2. Андрогенный дефицит является самостоятельным фактором риска развития висцерального ожирения, инсулинорезистентности, ожирения и СД 2, повышает риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и смерти.
Заключение. Тестостерон может играть профилактическую роль в развитии абдоминального ожирения, метаболического синдрома и последующего СД 2. Весомая роль андрогенов в развитии кардиометаболических заболеваний диктует необходимость проведения крупных проспективных популяционных исследований тестостеронзаместительной терапии у пациентов с ожирением и СД 2.
Ключевые слова: андрогены, тестостерон, ожирение, сахарный диабет 2-го типа, гипогонадизм, андрогенный дефицит.
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